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New Types of Nonionic Surfactants with Sugar Head Groups
Author(s) -
Schmidt Richard R.,
Jankowski Karin
Publication year - 1996
Publication title -
liebigs annalen
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.825
H-Index - 155
eISSN - 1099-0690
pISSN - 0947-3440
DOI - 10.1002/jlac.199619960603
Subject(s) - chemistry , amphiphile , alkyl , sugar , micelle , critical micelle concentration , organic chemistry , stereochemistry , copolymer , aqueous solution , polymer
The head group/lipophilic tail ratio is used to categorize amphiphilic compounds into different types. Some representatives of the 2/1 type with two sugar head groups and one lipophilic chain, namely compounds 6a – d , were synthesized from readily available precursors. Similarly, from 2,3‐di‐ O ‐alkyl and 1,3‐di‐ O ‐alkyl derivatives of D ‐threitol 2/2‐type amphiphiles 13a – d , 15a – d and 20a – d , respectively, were obtained. Due to the different spatial demand of the sugar moieties relative to the lipophilic part, surface tension (σ) and critical micelle concentration (cmc) are clearly distinguished in these different structural types of nonionic surfactants.