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One‐pot‐one‐step, microwave‐assisted Fischer indole synthesis
Author(s) -
Creencia Evelyn Cuevas,
Tsukamoto Masayuki,
Horaguchi Takaaki
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of heterocyclic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.321
H-Index - 59
eISSN - 1943-5193
pISSN - 0022-152X
DOI - 10.1002/jhet.689
Subject(s) - chemistry , phenylhydrazine , cyclohexanone , indole test , zinc , microwave , microwave irradiation , microwave heating , chloride , catalysis , organic chemistry , nuclear chemistry , medicinal chemistry , physics , quantum mechanics
Abstract The Fischer indole synthesis was carried out using microwaves instead of conventional heating procedures. When the mixture of phenylhydrazine, cyclohexanone and zinc chloride was irradiated at 600 W for 3 min, 76% of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrocarbazole was obtained. However, when zinc chloride was replaced with p ‐toluenesulfonic acid ( p ‐TSA), the reaction yielded 91% of 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydrocarbazole. Thus, a series of indoles were prepared using microwaves in the presence of p ‐TSA catalyst. J. Heterocyclic Chem., (2011).