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Trimerization of 4‐Amino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazole: Formation, Preparation, and Characterization of 4‐Diazo‐3,5‐bis(4‐amino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazol‐1‐yl) pyrazole (LLM‐226)
Author(s) -
Zhang MaoXi,
Pagoria Philip F.,
Imler Gregory H.,
Parrish Damon
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of heterocyclic chemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.321
H-Index - 59
eISSN - 1943-5193
pISSN - 0022-152X
DOI - 10.1002/jhet.3434
Subject(s) - diazo , chemistry , characterization (materials science) , toluene , pyrazole , organic chemistry , combinatorial chemistry , medicinal chemistry , nanotechnology , materials science
4‐Amino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazole (LLM‐116, 1 ) undergoes trimerization to 4‐diazo‐3,5‐bis(4‐amino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazol‐1‐yl) pyrazole (LLM‐226) upon heating. A mechanism is proposed and discussed. LLM‐226 is a new diazo‐based energetic material, thermally stable, and insensitive to impact, friction, and spark. The material may be prepared by heating 1 and 4‐diazo‐3,5‐dinitropyrazole ( 2 ) in a mixture of toluene and butyl acetate at 110°C or heating 1 alone in dichlorobenzene at 160°C. The characterization of LLM‐226 including X‐ray crystallographic analysis and small‐scale safety properties will be discussed.