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Activation of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma inhibits tumor growth by negatively regulating nuclear factor‐κB activation in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma
Author(s) -
Nojima Hiroyuki,
Kuboki Satoshi,
Shinoda Kimio,
Shimizu Hiroaki,
Ohtsuka Masayuki,
Kato Atsushi,
Yoshitomi Hideyuki,
Furukawa Katsunori,
Takayashiki Tsukasa,
Miyazaki Masaru
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of hepato‐biliary‐pancreatic sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.63
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1868-6982
pISSN - 1868-6974
DOI - 10.1002/jhbp.378
Subject(s) - hepatocellular carcinoma , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor , cancer research , chemistry , nuclear receptor , medicine , peroxisome proliferator , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha , receptor , endocrinology , transcription factor , biochemistry , gene
Background The prognosis of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is poor because of its rapid progression. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐gamma (PPARγ) is known to inhibit tumor growth in vitro ; however, the behavior of PPARγ in clinical cases of HCC remains uncertain. Methods Surgical specimens were collected from 104 HCC patients. The anti‐neoplastic effects of PPARγ were evaluated. Results PPARγ and its ligand expression were increased in some cases of HCC. When HCC patients were divided into two groups, tumor size was larger in patients with low PPARγ expression. Moreover, low PPARγ expression in HCC was an independent predictor of poorer prognosis. PPARγ expression was positively correlated with PPARγ activation and negatively correlated with NF‐κB activation in HCC. PPARγ activation inhibited cell proliferation by inducing cell cycle arrest, through increased expression of p27(kip1) and decreased expression of cyclin D1 and interleukin‐8. When HCC cells were treated with PPARγ ligands, PPARγ activation was increased and cell proliferation was inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner. In contrast, PPARγ ligands negatively regulated NF‐κB activation. Conclusions Activation of PPARγ induces cell cycle arrest and inhibits tumor progression by negatively regulating NF‐κB activation in HCC. Therefore, PPARγ is an important endogenous regulator of HCC progression, and is a potential therapeutic target for HCC.