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Minimal cooling rate dependence of ice nuclei activity in the immersion mode
Author(s) -
Wright Timothy P.,
Petters Markus D.,
Hader John D.,
Morton Travis,
Holder Amara L.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: atmospheres
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-8996
pISSN - 2169-897X
DOI - 10.1002/jgrd.50810
Subject(s) - kaolinite , ice nucleus , soot , materials science , mineralogy , combustion , chemistry , thermodynamics , physics , nucleation
We present new measurements of the time dependence of the ice‐nucleating ability of a wide range of materials including the minerals montmorillonite and kaolinite, the biological proxy ice nuclei Icemax, and flame soot generated from the incomplete combustion of ethylene gas. We also present time dependence for ambient ice nuclei collected from rainwater samples. Our data show that the time dependence for all materials studied here is weak, suggesting that the modified singular approximation is valid over the range of times and temperatures encountered for mixed phase clouds.