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Identification of marine and continental aerosol sources in Paris using high resolution aerosol mass spectrometry
Author(s) -
Crippa Monica,
El Haddad Imad,
Slowik Jay G.,
DeCarlo Peter F.,
Mohr Claudia,
Heringa Maarten F.,
Chirico Roberto,
Marchand Nicolas,
Sciare Jean,
Baltensperger Urs,
Prévôt André S. H.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of geophysical research: atmospheres
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2169-8996
pISSN - 2169-897X
DOI - 10.1002/jgrd.50151
Subject(s) - aerosol , sulfate , aethalometer , mass spectrometry , sea salt , environmental chemistry , environmental science , mass concentration (chemistry) , atmospheric sciences , chemistry , geology , carbon black , chromatography , natural rubber , organic chemistry
Major summertime aerosol emission sources in Paris were assessed using a high resolution time‐of‐flight aerosol mass spectrometer (HR‐ToF‐AMS). The application of positive matrix factorization (PMF) to the highly mass and time‐resolved AMS measurements allowed the identification of primary and secondary sources of organic (OA) and sulfate aerosols. Primary anthropogenic emissions contributed on average ~27% (14.7% cooking, 12% traffic) to the total organic mass, while the major contribution to the organic fraction was associated with secondary formation products. Low‐volatility oxygenated OA (LV‐OOA, 25.2%) and semi‐volatile oxygenated OA (SV‐OOA, 32.4%) factors were classified as SOA. An additional component with high S : C and O : C ratios was identified and attributed to marine emissions (marine organic aerosol, MOA), owing to its high correlation with methanesulfonic acid (R 2 = 0.84) and contributing on average 15.7% to the total OA mass, even in the continental megacity of Paris. Non‐sea salt sulfate was apportioned by including both organic and sulfate ions in the PMF data matrix. This allowed apportionment of submicron sulfate to continental versus marine sources. A detailed source apportionment of PM 1 combining AMS, aethalometer, and filter data is presented.