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Efficient and non‐toxic gene delivery by anionic lipoplexes based on polyprenyl ammonium salts and their effects on cell physiology
Author(s) -
Rak Monika,
Ochałek Anna,
Bielecka Ewa,
Latasiewicz Joanna,
Gawarecka Katarzyna,
Sroka Jolanta,
Czyż Jarosław,
Piwowarczyk Katarzyna,
Masnyk Marek,
Chmielewski Marek,
Chojnacki Tadeusz,
Swiezewska Ewa,
Madeja Zbigniew
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
the journal of gene medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.689
H-Index - 91
eISSN - 1521-2254
pISSN - 1099-498X
DOI - 10.1002/jgm.2930
Subject(s) - du145 , ethidium bromide , transfection , viability assay , gene delivery , zeta potential , chemistry , biophysics , in vitro , cell , intracellular , biochemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , cancer cell , dna , gene , nanotechnology , cancer , nanoparticle , genetics , materials science , lncap
Background One of the major challenges limiting the development of gene therapy is an absence of efficient and safe gene carriers. Among the nonviral gene delivery methods, lipofection is considered as one of the most promising. In the present study, a set of cationic polyprenyl derivatives [trimethylpolyprenylammonium iodides (PTAI)] with different lengths of polyprenyl chains (from 7, 8 and 11 to 15 isoprene units) was suggested as a component of efficient DNA vehicles. Methods Optimization studies were conducted for PTAI in combination with co‐lipid dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine on DU145 human prostate cancer cells using: size and zeta potential measurements, confocal microscopy, the fluorescein diacetate/ethidium bromide test, cell counting, time‐lapse monitoring of cell movement, gap junctional intercellular coupling analysis, antimicrobial activity assay and a red blood cell hemolysis test. Results The results obtained show that the lipofecting activity of PTAI allows effective transfection of plasmid DNA complexed in negatively‐charged lipoplexes of 200–500 nm size into cells without significant side effects on cell physiology (viability, proliferation, morphology, migration and gap junctional intercellular coupling). Moreover, PTAI‐based vehicles exhibit a potent bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli . The developed anionic lipoplexes are safe towards human red blood cell membranes, which are not disrupted in their presence. Conclusions The developed carriers constitute a group of promising lipofecting agents of a new type that can be utilized as effective lipofecting agents in vitro and they are also an encouraging basis for in vivo applications.