Open AccessBinding of phosphatidylserine‐positive microparticles by PBMCs classifies disease severity in COVID‐19 patients
Author(s) -
Rausch Lisa,
Lutz Konstantin,
Schifferer Martina,
Winheim Elena,
Gruber Rudi,
Oesterhaus Elina F.,
Rinke Linus,
Hellmuth Johannes C.,
Scherer Clemens,
Muenchhoff Maximilian,
Mandel Christopher,
BergweltBaildon Michael,
Simons Mikael,
Straub Tobias,
Krug Anne B.,
Kranich Jan,
Brocker Thomas
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of extracellular vesicles
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.94
H-Index - 68
ISSN - 2001-3078
DOI - 10.1002/jev2.12173
Subject(s) - phosphatidylserine , immune system , immunology , cd8 , coagulation , inflammation , platelet , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , platelet activation , medicine , biology , phospholipid , biochemistry , genetics , membrane , in vitro
Infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 is associated with thromboinflammation, involving thrombotic and inflammatory responses, in many COVID‐19 patients. In addition, immune dysfunction occurs in patients characterised by T cell exhaustion and severe lymphopenia. We investigated the distribution of phosphatidylserine (PS), a marker of dying cells, activated platelets and platelet‐derived microparticles (PMP), during the clinical course of COVID‐19. We found an unexpectedly high amount of blood cells loaded with PS + PMPs for weeks after the initial COVID‐19 diagnosis. Elevated frequencies of PS + PMP + PBMCs correlated strongly with increasing disease severity. As a marker, PS outperformed established laboratory markers for inflammation, leucocyte composition and coagulation, currently used for COVID‐19 clinical scoring. PS + PMPs preferentially bound to CD8 + T cells with gene expression signatures of proliferating effector rather than memory T cells. As PS + PMPs carried programmed death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1), they may affect T cell expansion or function. Our data provide a novel marker for disease severity and show that PS, which can trigger the blood coagulation cascade, the complement system, and inflammation, resides on activated immune cells. Therefore, PS may serve as a beacon to attract thromboinflammatory processes towards lymphocytes and cause immune dysfunction in COVID‐19.