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Effect of Er:YAG laser irradiation on deciduous enamel roughness and bacterial adhesion: An in vitro study
Author(s) -
TeutleCoyotecatl Bernardo,
ContrerasBulnes Rosalía,
ScougallVilchis Rogelio José,
AlmaguerFlores Argelia,
RodríguezVilchis Laura Emma,
VelazquezEnriquez Ulises,
Alatorre Jesús Ángel Arenas
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
microscopy research and technique
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.536
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1097-0029
pISSN - 1059-910X
DOI - 10.1002/jemt.23354
Subject(s) - enamel paint , irradiation , adhesion , materials science , laser , surface roughness , composite material , surface finish , dentistry , optics , medicine , physics , nuclear physics
Laser irradiation has been proposed as a preventive method against dental caries since it is capable to inhibit enamel demineralization by reducing carbonate and modifying organic matter, yet it can produce significant morphological changes. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of Er:YAG laser irradiation on superficial roughness of deciduous dental enamel and bacterial adhesion. Fifty‐four samples of deciduous enamel were divided into three groups ( n = 18 each). G1_control (nonirradiated); G2_100 (7.5 J/cm 2 ) and G3_100 (12.7 J/cm 2 ) were irradiated with Er:YAG laser at 7.5 and 12.7 J/cm 2 , respectively, under water irrigation. Surface roughness was measured before and after irradiation using a profilometer. Afterwards, six samples per group were used to measure bacterial growth by XTT cell viability assay. Adhered bacteria were observed using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and a scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Paired t ‐, one‐way analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal‐Wallis and pairwise Mann–Whitney U tests were performed to analyze statistical differences ( p < .05). Before treatment, samples showed homogenous surface roughness, and after Er:YAG laser irradiation, the surfaces showed a significant increase in roughness values ( p < .05). G3_100 (12.7 J/cm 2 ) showed the highest amount of Streptococcus mutans adhered ( p < .05). The increase in the roughness of the tooth enamel surfaces was proportional to the energy density used; the increase in surface roughness caused by laser irradiation did not augment the adhesion of Streptococcus sanguinis ; only the use of the energy density of 12.7 J/cm 2 favored significantly the adhesion of S. mutans .