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Moving in the right direction—Nanoimaging in cancer cell motility and metastasis
Author(s) -
Soon Lilian,
Braet Filip,
Condeelis John
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
microscopy research and technique
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.536
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1097-0029
pISSN - 1059-910X
DOI - 10.1002/jemt.20411
Subject(s) - motility , nanotechnology , förster resonance energy transfer , chemotaxis , live cell imaging , molecular imaging , microfluidics , biophysics , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , cell , fluorescent protein , computational biology , chemistry , in vivo , materials science , physics , fluorescence , green fluorescent protein , biochemistry , optics , genetics , receptor , gene
Although genetic and protein manipulations have been the cornerstone for the study and understanding of biological processes for many decades, complimentary nanoscale observations have only more recently been achieved in the live‐imaging mode. It is at the nano measurement level that events such as protein–protein interactions, enzymatic conversions, and single‐molecule stochastic behavior take place. Therefore, nanoscale observations allow us to reinterpret knowledge from large‐scale or bulk techniques and gain new insight into molecular events that has cellular, tissue, and organismal phenotypic manifestations. This review identifies pertinent questions relating to the sensing and directional component of cancer cell chemotaxis and discusses the platforms that provide insight into the molecular events related to cell motility. The study of cell motility at the molecular imaging level often necessitates the use of devices such as microinjection, microfluidics, in vivo/intravital and in vitro chemotaxis assays, as well as fluorescence methods like uncaging and FRET. The micro‐ and nanofabricated devices that facilitate these techniques and their incorporation to specialized microscopes such as the multiphoton, AFM, and TIR‐FM, for high‐resolution imaging comprise the nanoplatforms used to explore the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. In real‐time observations, within a milieu of physiological protein concentrations, true states of dynamic and kinetic fluxes can be monitored. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.