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Early development in males with Fragile X syndrome: A review of the literature
Author(s) -
Kau Alice S.M.,
Meyer Walter A.,
Kaufmann Walter E.
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
microscopy research and technique
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.536
H-Index - 118
eISSN - 1097-0029
pISSN - 1059-910X
DOI - 10.1002/jemt.10069
Subject(s) - fragile x syndrome , frax , language development , psychology , developmental psychology , gross motor skill , gaze , developmental milestone , motor skill , audiology , medicine , psychiatry , pathology , bone mineral , osteoporosis , osteoporotic fracture , psychoanalysis
This article reviews the current bibliographic knowledge on early neurobehavioral development and milestones in Fragile X syndrome (FraX), with emphasis on males affected by the condition. Three broad areas of early development were examined: (1) gross and fine motor, (2) speech and language, and (3) social. The result of the current review indicates very limited information on the developmental milestones in all three areas. The scarce literature on motor development shows that in FraX there is an early developmental delay. Research on speech and language demonstrates pervasive deficits in conversational skills and severe developmental delay, with increasing discrepancy between language level and chronological age in young males with FraX. Finally, deficits in social development in FraX include abnormal gaze, approach and avoidance conflict, and high incidence of autistic spectrum disorders. Microsc. Res. Tech. 57:174–178, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.