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Assessing the repeatability of resurgence in humans: Implications for the use of within‐subject designs
Author(s) -
Kestner Kathryn M.,
DiazSalvat Claudia C.,
St. Peter Claire C.,
Peterson Stephanie M.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of the experimental analysis of behavior
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.75
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1938-3711
pISSN - 0022-5002
DOI - 10.1002/jeab.477
Subject(s) - extinction (optical mineralogy) , psychology , reinforcement , repeatability , subject (documents) , developmental psychology , audiology , statistics , cognitive psychology , social psychology , computer science , biology , medicine , mathematics , library science , paleontology
Resurgence refers to the recurrence of a previously reinforced response following the worsening of reinforcement conditions (e.g., extinction) for an alternative response. Because of the implications for treatment relapse, researchers have become particularly interested in mitigating resurgence of human behavior. Some studies have employed reversal designs and varied parameters across replications (e.g., ABCADC) to compare effects of second‐phase variables. Although resurgence is generally repeatable within and between subjects, the extent to which similar levels of resurgence occur across replications is less clear. To assess the repeatability of resurgence, we conducted a secondary analysis of 62 human‐operant data sets using ABCABC reversal designs from two laboratories in the United States. We found significant reductions in the magnitude of resurgence during the second exposure to extinction relative to the first exposure when all other phase variables were held constant. These results suggest that researchers should exercise caution when using within‐subject, across‐phase replications to compare resurgence between variable manipulations with human participants.