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Placental neurotrophin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus
Author(s) -
Jadhav Anjali,
Khaire Amrita,
Gundu Shridevi,
Wadhwani Nisha,
Chandhiok Nomita,
Gupte Sanjay,
Joshi Sadhana
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of developmental neuroscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.761
H-Index - 88
eISSN - 1873-474X
pISSN - 0736-5748
DOI - 10.1002/jdn.10107
Subject(s) - gestational diabetes , nerve growth factor , placenta , brain derived neurotrophic factor , neurotrophin , medicine , pregnancy , fetus , body mass index , endocrinology , neurotrophic factors , obstetrics , gestation , biology , receptor , genetics
Objective Neurotrophins are known to influence the development and maturation of the feto‐placental unit and affect fetal growth trajectories. This study reports the levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain‐derived growth factor (BDNF) in the placenta of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods A total number of 60 women with GDM and 70 women without GDM (non‐GDM) were included in the study. Placental NGF and BDNF levels were measured using commercially available ELISA kits. Results Placental NGF levels were lower ( p < .05) in women with GDM compared to non‐GDM women. Maternal body mass index (BMI), mode of delivery, and the gender of the baby influenced the placental NGF levels. Placental BDNF levels were similar in GDM and non‐GDM women. There was an influence of baby gender on the placental BDNF levels while maternal BMI and mode of delivery did not show any effect. In regression models adjusted for maternal age at delivery, gestational age, maternal BMI, mode of delivery, and baby gender, the placental NGF levels in the GDM group were lower (−0.144 pg/ml [95% CI −0.273, 22120.016] p = .028) as compared to the non‐GDM group. However, there was no difference in the BDNF levels between the groups. Conclusion This study for the first time demonstrates differential effects on neurotrophic factors such as BDNF and NGF in the placenta in pregnancies complicated by GDM. Alterations in the levels of placental neurotrophins in GDM deliveries may affect placental development and fetal brain growth. This has implications for increased risk for neurodevelopmental pathologies in later life.