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High‐flow‐mediated constriction in adults is not influenced by biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic risk
Author(s) -
Ostrem Joseph D.,
Evanoff Nicholas G.,
Ryder Justin R.,
Steinberger Julia,
Sinaiko Alan R.,
Bisch Katie L.,
Brinck Niklas M.,
Dengel Donald R.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of clinical ultrasound
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.272
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1097-0096
pISSN - 0091-2751
DOI - 10.1002/jcu.22387
Subject(s) - medicine , brachial artery , reactive hyperemia , overweight , cardiology , constriction , body mass index , blood flow , metabolic syndrome , endocrinology , obesity , blood pressure
Purpose During reactive hyperemia, the brachial artery in some individuals constricts prior to dilation. Our aim was to describe the frequency of high‐flow‐mediated constriction (H‐FMC) in adults, and its relationship to body composition and biomarkers of cardiovascular and metabolic risk. Methods Two hundred forty‐six adults (124 male, 122 female; 36 ± 7 years old) were assessed for H‐FMC via sonographic imaging of the brachial artery. Blood pressure, glucose, insulin, lipids, and body composition assessed via dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry were collected. H‐FMC was characterized as a 10‐second average of maximal postocclusion constriction. Independent t test was used to compare H‐FMC versus non‐H‐FMC individuals. Results H‐FMC was observed in approximately 69% of adult participants (54 obese, 57 overweight, and 59 normal weight). Total body mass (82.3 ± 17.5 versus 76.3 ± 16.3 kg, p = 0.012), fat mass (27.7 ± 11.5 versus 23.8 ± 10.5 kg, p = 0.012), body mass index (27.7 ± 4.9 versus 26.1 ± 5.0 kg/m 2 , p = 0.018), and low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol/high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (2.41 ± 1.03 versus 2.09 ± 0.72, p = 0.007) were higher in H‐FMC than in non‐H‐FMC individuals. Flow‐mediated dilatation (FMD) (6.12 ± 3.48 versus 8.09 ± 3.02%, p < 0.001) was lower in H‐FMC subjects. However, there was no difference in brachial artery dilation between groups (7.57 ± 3.69 versus 8.09 ± 3.02%, p = 0.250) when H‐FMC was added to FMD. Conclusions Increased body mass, fat mass, and body mass index were associated with a greater H‐FMC. When H‐FMC was present, the FMD response to reactive hyperemia was significantly lower. Because H‐FMC has been observed to negatively affect FMD response to reactive hyperemia, we suggest that H‐FMC should be noted when analyzing and interpreting FMD data. H‐FMC may be an ancillary measure of endothelial health. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound 45 :35–42, 2017