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Optimization and activation of renewable durian husk for biosorption of lead (II) from an aqueous medium
Author(s) -
Ngabura Mohammed,
Hussain Siti Aslina,
Ghani Wan Azlina WAK,
Jami Mohammed S,
Tan Yen P
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of chemical technology and biotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.64
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1097-4660
pISSN - 0268-2575
DOI - 10.1002/jctb.5882
Subject(s) - biosorption , husk , adsorption , langmuir adsorption model , response surface methodology , aqueous solution , chemistry , nuclear chemistry , langmuir , metal ions in aqueous solution , activated carbon , metal , chromatography , sorption , botany , organic chemistry , biology
Background Biosorption of lead Pb(II) by durian husk activated carbon (DHAC) was investigated. The main aim of this work is to explore the effect of operating variables such as pH, biosorbent dose, temperature, initial metal ion concentration and contact time on the removal of Pb(II) from synthesized aqueous medium using a response surface methodology (RSM) technique. The experimentation was performed in two sets, namely set 1 and set 2. Results For experimental set 1, pH was set to 7.0. The optimum conditions for the remaining parameters were determined to be 0.39 g DHAC dose, 60 min contact time and 100 mg L −1 of initial metal ion concentration, which yielded maximum biosorption capacity of 14.6 mg g −1 . For experimental set 2, 41.27 °C, 8.95 and 99.96 mg L −1 were the optimum conditions determined for temperature, pH and initial Pb(II) concentration, respectively; which revealed a maximum adsorption capacity of 9.67 mg g −1 . Characterization of the adsorbent revealed active functional groups such as hydroxyl, carboxylic, alcohol and hemicellulose. The equilibrium adsorption data obeyed the Langmuir isotherm and pseudo‐second‐order kinetic models with maximum Langmuir uptake of 36.1 mg g −1 . Conclusions The biosorbent was capable of reuse, so that the abundant durian husk could be utilized effectively for the removal of Pb(II) from polluted water. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry