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Flocculation of wheat straw soda lignin by hemoglobin and chicken blood: effects of cationic polymer or calcium chloride
Author(s) -
Piazza George J,
Lora Jairo H,
Garcia Rafael A
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of chemical technology and biotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.64
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1097-4660
pISSN - 0268-2575
DOI - 10.1002/jctb.5061
Subject(s) - flocculation , lignin , chemistry , straw , chloride , cellulose , pulp and paper industry , solubility , food science , organic chemistry , inorganic chemistry , engineering
BACKGROUND Lignin is the largest byproduct of biomass processing. Flocculation could replace strong acid used in lignin recovery and be useful for the cleanup of lignin from residual processing waters. Commercial nonrenewable flocculants are known to be effective with lignin, but the investigation of renewable lignin flocculants has received little attention. RESULTS Methods were developed to economize on the use of biobased flocculant for wheat straw lignin flocculation. Thus, 43% less hemoglobin ( HEM ) and 39% less chicken blood ( CB ) were needed when the Zeta potential was increased by the co‐addition of poly (diallydimethylammonium chloride) ( pDADMAC ). Supernatant chemical oxygen demand ( COD ) was reduced by 78% with optimal pDADMAC and CB . Up to 94% less HEM was needed for lignin flocculation with the co‐addition of CaCl 2 . CONCLUSION Charge neutralization promoted lignin flocculation with coflocculants pDADMAC / HEM or pDADMAC / CB . Some lignin flocculation was noted at higher levels of CaCl 2 due to reduced lignin solubility. Charge neutralization contributed to lignin flocculation at lower CaCl 2 levels and high HEM . A novel finding was that divalent cation bridging promoted lignin flocculation in the presence of CaCl 2 at lower levels of HEM . Lignin flocculated with HEM‐CaCl 2 is possibly useful as a protein‐enriched animal feed. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry