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Water soluble imide—amide copolymers: Iv. Flocculation and surface active properties of poly(acrylamide‐co‐sodium N ‐(4‐sulfophenyl)maleimide)
Author(s) -
Hocking Martin B.,
Syme David T.,
Axelson David E.
Publication year - 1992
Publication title -
journal of chemical technology and biotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.64
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1097-4660
pISSN - 0268-2575
DOI - 10.1002/jctb.280540202
Subject(s) - imide , copolymer , dispersant , maleimide , polymer chemistry , flocculation , acrylamide , chemistry , polyamide , polyacrylamide , aqueous solution , polymer , materials science , organic chemistry , dispersion (optics) , physics , optics
Six new poly(acrylamide‐co‐sodium N ‐(4‐sulfophenyl)maleimide) (PAMSM) water‐soluble copolymers have been prepared with several levels of imide ring incorporation into the backbone of the polymer chain to test the effectiveness of increased chain stiffness on the efficiency of fiocculation. Sufficient material was obtained from the synthetic experiments to enable the surface active properties of three of these copolymers to be tested. PAMSM copolymers containing 7, 15, and 25 mol % imide performed poorly compared to commercial partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamides (HPAM) when used to flocculate an aqueous 3% calcium‐montmorillonite suspension at pH 4·0 and pH 7·5. This was probably because of a major difference between the dissociation constants of the anionic functionalities of the new vs existing commercial polymer flocculants, complicated by the possibility that the molecular weights of the new copolymers were too low. The three PAMSM copolymers behaved as dispersants instead of flocculants when tested on a 3% kaolinite suspension in water at pH 4·5. Their effectiveness as dispersants increased with increasing imide content. PAMSM‐1a (7% imide), PAMSM‐3 (25% imide) and polystyrene sulfonate (500 000 mol. wt) all acted as weak dispersants when tested on a 3% hematite suspension in water at pH 4·5, 6–0, and 8·7.