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Microbial sensors: Fundamentals and application for process control
Author(s) -
Riedel Klaus,
Renneberg Reinhard,
Wollenberger Ulla,
Kaiser Gabi,
Scheller Frieder W.
Publication year - 1989
Publication title -
journal of chemical technology and biotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.64
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1097-4660
pISSN - 0268-2575
DOI - 10.1002/jctb.280440202
Subject(s) - biochemical engineering , transducer , bioreactor , microorganism , sensitivity (control systems) , process control , process (computing) , process engineering , biological system , environmental science , computer science , chemistry , engineering , biology , bacteria , electronic engineering , electrical engineering , organic chemistry , genetics , operating system
Microbial sensors consist of microorganisms in intimate contact with transducer devices converting the biochemical reaction to a quantifiable electrical response signal. The aim of this combination is the sensitive determination of a large spectrum of substances in various fields, especially in fermentation processes and pollution control. Microbial sensors for more than 50 different parameters have been described in the literature. In this paper, the following main aspects are discussed: microbial and physical basis of microbial sensors, immobilization of microbes, principle of measurement, approaches for enhancing the selectivity and sensitivity of microbial sensors, applications in bioreactor and environmental control of microbial sensors.