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Biomimetic mineralization synthesis of calcium‐deficient carbonate‐containing hydroxyapatite in a three‐dimensional network of bacterial cellulose
Author(s) -
Shi Shuaike,
Chen Shiyan,
Zhang Xiang,
Shen Wei,
Li Xin,
Hu Weili,
Wang Huaping
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of chemical technology and biotechnology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.64
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1097-4660
pISSN - 0268-2575
DOI - 10.1002/jctb.2037
Subject(s) - apatite , biomaterial , fourier transform infrared spectroscopy , nanocomposite , mineralization (soil science) , materials science , chemical engineering , nanofiber , calcium carbonate , scanning electron microscope , crystallite , simulated body fluid , bacterial cellulose , hydroxyapatites , vaterite , nucleation , cellulose , nuclear chemistry , calcium , mineralogy , chemistry , nanotechnology , composite material , metallurgy , aragonite , organic chemistry , nitrogen , engineering
BACKGROUND: Both hydroxyapatites (HAp) and bacterial cellulose (BC) are excellent biomaterials. The former has outstanding osteoconductivity and bioactivity, while the latter has been proven to be a remarkably versatile biomaterial. By alkaline treatment, Ca 2+ activation, and biomimetic mineralization, the nanocomposites (CaDHCAp/BC) consisting of calcium‐deficient carbonate‐containing hydroxyapatite (CaDHCAp) in the three‐dimensional (3D) network of BC nanofibers were synthesized. RESULTS: The CaDHCAp/BC nanocomposites obtained were characterized by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP‐AES), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X‐ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD). The results indicated that alkaline treatment improved the apatite nucleation ability of BC, and the apatite crystals deposited along BC nanofibers were partially substituted with calcium carbonate and the uniform spherical apatite particles were composed of squama‐shaped nano‐sized apatite crystals. The crystallite sizes of apatite crystals are below 10 nm and the crystallinities are below 1%. The formation mechanism of CaDHCAp crystals along the BC fibers was described. CONCLUSION: Alkaline treatment was introduced before the biomimetic mineralization process. Compared with the results without alkaline treatment, the mineralization efficiency was obviously improved. The nanocomposites obtained may have potential application as an orthopedic biomaterial. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry