Open AccessAssociation of change in muscle mass assessed by D 3 ‐creatine dilution with changes in grip strength and walking speed
Author(s) -
Duchowny Kate A.,
Peters Katherine E.,
Cummings Steven R.,
Orwoll Eric S.,
Hoffman Andrew R.,
Ensrud Kristine E.,
Cauley Jane A.,
Evans William J.,
Cawthon Peggy M.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.803
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 2190-6009
pISSN - 2190-5991
DOI - 10.1002/jcsm.12494
Subject(s) - lean body mass , muscle mass , grip strength , medicine , physical therapy , body weight
Background Muscle mass declines with age. However, common assessments used to quantify muscle mass are indirect. The D 3 ‐creatine (D 3 Cr) dilution method is a direct assessment of muscle mass; however, longitudinal changes have not been examined in relation to changes in other measures of muscle mass, strength, and performance. Methods A convenience sample of 40 men from the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study (mean age = 83.3 years, standard deviation = 3.9) underwent repeat assessment of D 3 Cr muscle mass, dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) lean mass, grip strength, and walking speed at two time points approximately 1.6 years apart (2014–2016). One‐sample t ‐tests and Pearson correlations were used to examine changes in DXA total body lean mass, DXA appendicular lean mass/height 2 , DXA appendicular lean mass/weight, D 3 Cr muscle mass, D 3 Cr muscle mass/weight, grip strength, walking speed, and weight. Results D 3 ‐creatine muscle mass, D 3 Cr muscle mass/weight, grip strength, and walking speed all significantly declined (all P < 0.01). The change in DXA measures of lean mass was moderately correlated with changes in D 3 Cr muscle mass. There was no significant correlation between the change in DXA measures of lean mass and change in walking speed (all P > 0.05). The change in D 3 Cr muscle mass/weight was moderately correlated with change in walking speed ( r = 0.33, P < .05). The change in grip strength was weakly correlated with the change in DXA measures of lean mass and D 3 Cr muscle mass ( r = 0.19–0.32). Conclusions The results of our study provide new insights regarding the decline in muscle strength and D 3 Cr muscle mass. The D 3 Cr method may be a feasible tool to measure declines in muscle mass over time.