Open AccessThe clinical relevance of adiposity when assessing muscle health in men treated with androgen deprivation for prostate cancer
Author(s) -
Owen Patrick J.,
Daly Robin M.,
Dalla Via Jack,
Mundell Niamh L.,
Livingston Patricia M.,
Rantalainen Timo,
Fraser Steve F.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.803
H-Index - 66
eISSN - 2190-6009
pISSN - 2190-5991
DOI - 10.1002/jcsm.12446
Subject(s) - medicine , prostate cancer , androgen deprivation therapy , dual energy x ray absorptiometry , urology , lean body mass , body mass index , sarcopenia , androgen , prostate , nuclear medicine , cancer , endocrinology , bone mineral , body weight , hormone , osteoporosis
Background Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) may prospectively decrease absolute lean mass (LM) and increase absolute fat mass (FM). Given that estimates of LM by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry may be overestimated in obese people, this study examined the influence of adiposity on muscle health in men treated with ADT for PCa. Methods This cross‐sectional study examined the influence of adiposity on total and appendicular LM (ALM), muscle cross‐sectional (CSA), and muscle strength in 70 men treated with ADT [mean (standard deviation) age, 71 (6) years] for PCa compared with age‐matched PCa ( n = 52) and healthy controls ( n = 70). Total body LM, FM and ALM, and 66% tibia and radius muscle CSA were quantified by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography, respectively. ALM was further divided by height (m 2 ) or body mass index, with muscle CSA expressed as a per cent of total limb CSA. Upper and lower body and back (three‐repetition maximum and dynamometry) muscle strength were expressed per kilogram of body weight. Results On average, ADT‐treated men had 4.4–6.4 kg greater FM compared with controls ( P ≤ 0.014) and there were no differences in total body or ALM. Total body per cent LM and ALM BMI were 3.8–5.4% ( P ≤ 0.001) and 7.8–9.4% ( P ≤ 0.001) lower, respectively, in ADT‐treated men compared with both controls. Percentage muscle CSA at both sites and muscle strength (except leg) were 3.0–6.0% ( P ≤ 0.031) and 15–17% ( P ≤ 0.010) lower, respectively, in ADT‐treated men compared with both controls. Conclusions The findings from this study indicate muscle mass, size, and strength are compromised in men treated with ADT after accounting for their increased adiposity or body size.