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Effect of dehusked Garcinia kola seeds on the overall pharmacokinetics of quinine in healthy Nigerian volunteers
Author(s) -
Igbinoba Sharon I.,
Onyeji Cyprian O.,
Akanmu Moses A.,
Soyinka Julius O.,
Pullela Srirama Sarma V.V.,
Cook James M.,
Nathaniel Thomas I.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
the journal of clinical pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.92
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1552-4604
pISSN - 0091-2700
DOI - 10.1002/jcph.414
Subject(s) - cmax , garcinia kola , quinine , pharmacokinetics , bioequivalence , crossover study , medicine , oral administration , ingestion , pharmacology , traditional medicine , malaria , placebo , alternative medicine , pathology , immunology
We investigated the effect of concurrent ingestion of Garcinia kola seed on the pharmacokinetics of quinine. In a randomized crossover study, 24 healthy Nigerian volunteers were assigned into 2 groups (A and B; n = 12 per group) on the basis of G. kola dose orally ingested. Each subject received 600 mg quinine sulfate before and after ingesting 12.5 g of G. kola once daily for 7 days (group A) or 12.5 g twice daily for 6 days and once on the seventh day (group B). Blood samples were collected and analyzed for plasma quinine and its metabolite (3‐hydroxyquinine) using a validated high performance liquid chromatography method. Concurrent administration of quinine with G. kola reduced quinine t max by 48% (group A), mean C max by 19% and 26% in groups A and B, respectively, and slight reduction in mean AUC 0– ∞ of quinine in both groups. 3‐hydroxyquinine C max also reduced by 29% and 32%; AUC 0–∞ by 13% and 9%, respectively. The point estimates of the T/R ratio of the geometric means for all C max obtained and only the AUC 0–∞ at a higher dose of G. kola were outside the 80%–125% bioequivalence range. In conclusion, an herb–drug interaction was noted with concurrent quinine and G. kola administration.