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Abuse potential, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of intranasally administered crushed oxycodone HCl abuse‐deterrent controlled‐release tablets in recreational opioid users
Author(s) -
Harris Stephen C.,
Perrino Peter J.,
Smith Ira,
Shram Megan J.,
Colucci Salvatore V.,
Bartlett Cynthia,
Sellers Edward M.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
the journal of clinical pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.92
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1552-4604
pISSN - 0091-2700
DOI - 10.1002/jcph.235
Subject(s) - oxycodone , nasal administration , medicine , pharmacodynamics , pharmacokinetics , pharmacology , placebo , tolerability , opioid , cmax , anesthesia , crossover study , adverse effect , receptor , alternative medicine , pathology
The objective of this study was to evaluate abuse potential, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of intranasally administered, crushed reformulated OxyContin® (oxycodone HCl controlled‐release) tablets (ORF), relative to crushed original OxyContin® (OC), oxycodone powder (Oxy API), and OC placebo. This randomized, double‐blind, positive‐ and placebo‐controlled crossover study enrolled healthy, adult, nonphysically dependent recreational opioid users with recent history of intranasal drug abuse (N = 27). Active treatments contained oxycodone (30 mg). Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics (e.g., Overall Drug Liking [ODL], Take Drug Again [TDA], and High Visual Analog Scales [VAS]; Subjective Drug Value [SDV]; pupillometry; intranasal irritation), and safety (e.g., adverse events, vital signs, laboratory tests) were assessed to 24 hours postdose. Crushed ORF administration yielded reduced oxycodone C max and increased T max versus crushed OC and Oxy API. Peak effects for pharmacodynamic measures were delayed with ORF (1–2 hours) versus OC and Oxy API (0.5–1 hour). ODL, TDA, High VAS, and SDV E max values were significantly lower ( P ≤ .05) and some intranasal irritation ratings were greater for ORF versus OC and Oxy API. No significant or unexpected safety findings were observed. Compared with OC and Oxy API, intranasally administered ORF was associated with lower and delayed peak plasma concentrations, decreased drug‐liking, and decreased intranasal tolerability. This suggests that ORF has a decreased potential for intranasal oxycodone abuse. There were no significant or unexpected safety findings. As is true for all abuse potential studies, epidemiological or other appropriate post‐marketing studies are required to assess the impact of the reduction in intranasal oxycodone abuse potential observed in the present study on real‐world patterns of ORF misuse, abuse, and diversion.