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Cabbage‐derived three‐dimensional cellulose scaffold‐induced osteogenic differentiation of stem cells
Author(s) -
Salehi Ali,
Mobarhan Mohammad A.,
Mohammadi Javad,
Shahsavarani Hosein,
Shokrgozar Mohammad Ali,
Alipour Atefeh
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.30239
Subject(s) - decellularization , alkaline phosphatase , runx2 , mesenchymal stem cell , scaffold , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , stem cell , osteocalcin , cellular differentiation , biomedical engineering , biochemistry , biology , enzyme , medicine , gene
Herbal‐derived three‐dimensional scaffolds have a unique structure that represents the natural cellular microenvironment and can be potentially used for tissue engineering applications. In the present study, cabbage (Cb) leaves were decellularized and then their characteristics, such as surface roughness, wettability, porosity, mechanical properties, and specific surface area, were investigated. After that, scaffold osteoinductivity was studied by bone‐marrow‐derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM‐MSCs) osteogenic differentiation while growing on the decellularized Cb leaves. Cells mineralization, calcium secretion, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and expression levels of bone‐related genes were determined during the differentiation process. Our results from the structural characterization of the scaffolds demonstrated that decellularized Cb leaves are good candidates for bone differentiation in terms of surface roughness, mechanical properties, and interconnected pores. Osteogenic differentiation evaluation of the BM‐MSCs determined that the cell's ALP activity and mineralization were increased significantly while cultured on the decellularized Cb leaves compared to the cells cultured on the culture plate as a control. Besides, Runx2 , ALP , collagen‐1 ( Col‐I ), and osteocalcin genes were expressed in cells cultured on decellularized Cb leaves significantly higher than cells cultured on the culture plate. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the decellularized Cb scaffold has great potential for promoting BM‐MSCs proliferation and osteogenic differentiation.