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Mesenchymal stromal cells; a new horizon in regenerative medicine
Author(s) -
Tavakoli Shirin,
Ghaderi Jafarbeigloo Hamid Reza,
Shariati Ali,
Jahangiryan Afsaneh,
Jadidi Faezeh,
Jadidi Kouhbanani Mohammd Amin,
Hassanzadeh Ali,
Zamani Majid,
Javidi Kamran,
Naimi Adel
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.29803
Subject(s) - mesenchymal stem cell , regenerative medicine , context (archaeology) , tissue engineering , adipose tissue , stromal cell , cell therapy , regeneration (biology) , bone marrow , immune system , medicine , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , bioinformatics , cancer research , immunology , stem cell , biomedical engineering , paleontology
In recent decades, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) biomedical utilizing has attracted worldwide growing attention. After the first report of the human MSCs obtaining from the bone marrow (BM) tissue, these cells were isolated from wide types of the other tissues, ranging from adipose tissue to dental pulp. Their specific characteristics, comprising self‐renewality, multipotency, and availability accompanied by their immunomodulatory properties and little ethical concern denote their importance in the context of regenerative medicine. Considering preclinical studies, MSCs can modify immune reactions during tissue repair and restoration, providing suitable milieu for tissue recovery; on the other hand, they can be differentiated into comprehensive types of the body cells, such as osteoblast, chondrocyte, hepatocyte, cardiomyocyte, fibroblast, and neural cells. Though a large number of studies have investigated MSCs capacities in regenerative medicine in varied animal models, the oncogenic capability of unregulated MSCs differentiation must be more assessed to enable their application in the clinic. In the current review, we provide a brief overview of MSCs sources, isolation, and expansion as well as immunomodulatory activities. More important, we try to collect and discuss recent preclinical and clinical research and evaluate current challenges in the context of the MSC‐based cell therapy for regenerative medicine.