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tiRNAs: A novel class of small noncoding RNAs that helps cells respond to stressors and plays roles in cancer progression
Author(s) -
Tao EnWei,
Cheng Wing Yin,
Li WeiLin,
Yu Jun,
Gao QinYan
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.29057
Subject(s) - translation (biology) , biogenesis , reprogramming , biology , effector , cancer , stress granule , cellular stress response , long non coding rna , microrna , rna , angiogenin , microbiology and biotechnology , computational biology , fight or flight response , messenger rna , genetics , cell , gene , angiogenesis
tRNA‐derived stress‐induced RNAs (tiRNAs), important components of tRNA‐derived fragments, are gaining popularity for their functions as small noncoding RNAs involved in cancer progression. Under cellular stress, tiRNAs are generated when mature tRNA is specifically cleaved by angiogenin and suggested to act as transducers or effectors involved in cellular stress responses. tiRNAs facilitate cells to respond to stresses mainly via reprogramming translation, inhibiting apoptosis, degrading mRNA, and generating stress granules. This review introduces the cellular biogenesis, molecular mechanisms, and biological roles of tiRNAs in stress response and disease regulation. A better understanding of their roles in regulating cancer may provide novel biomarkers or therapeutic targets for diagnosis and treatment.