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Epigenetic‐based therapy for colorectal cancer: Prospect and involved mechanisms
Author(s) -
Rezapour Saleheh,
Hosseinzadeh Elham,
Marofi Faroogh,
Hassanzadeh Ali
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.28658
Subject(s) - epigenetics , epigenetic regulation of neurogenesis , biology , dna methylation , histone , cancer epigenetics , chromatin , colorectal cancer , epigenetic therapy , cancer , bioinformatics , regulation of gene expression , genetics , computational biology , cancer research , gene , gene expression , chromatin remodeling , histone methyltransferase
Epigenetic modifications are heritable variations in gene expression not encoded by the DNA sequence. According to reports, a large number of studies have been performed to characterize epigenetic modification during normal development and also in cancer. Epigenetics can be regarded more widely to contain all of the changes in expression of genes that make by adjusted interactions between the regulatory portions of DNA or messenger RNAs that lead to indirect variation in the DNA sequence. In the last decade, epigenetic modification importance in colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis was demonstrated powerfully. Although developments in CRC therapy have been made in the last years, much work is required as it remains the second leading cause of cancer death. Nowadays, epigenetic programs and genetic change have pivotal roles in the CRC incidence as well as progression. While our knowledge about epigenetic mechanism in CRC is not comprehensive, selective histone modifications and resultant chromatin conformation together with DNA methylation most likely regulate CRC pathogenesis that involved genes expression. Undoubtedly, the advanced understanding of epigenetic‐based gene expression regulation in the CRC is essential to make epigenetic drugs for CRC therapy. The major aim of this review is to deliver a summary of valuable results that represent evidence of principle for epigenetic‐based therapeutic approaches employment in CRC with a focus on the advantages of epigenetic‐based therapy in the inhibition of the CRC metastasis and proliferation.