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The potential therapeutic use of renin–angiotensin system inhibitors in the treatment of inflammatory diseases
Author(s) -
Ranjbar Reza,
Shafiee Mojtaba,
Hesari AmirReza,
Ferns Gordon A.,
Ghasemi Faezeh,
Avan Amir
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.27205
Subject(s) - medicine , renin–angiotensin system , inflammation , pharmacology , angiotensin converting enzyme , blood pressure , immunology
Abstract Inflammation is a normal part of the immune response to injury or infection but its dysregulation promotes the development of inflammatory diseases, which cause considerable human suffering. Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory agents are the most commonly prescribed agents for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, but they are accompanied by a broad range of side effects, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular events. The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) is traditionally known for its role in blood pressure regulation. However, there is increasing evidence that RAS signaling is also involved in the inflammatory response associated with several disease states. Angiotensin II increases blood pressure by binding to angiotensin type 1 (AT 1 ) receptor, and direct renin inhibitors, angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and AT 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) are clinically used as antihypertensive agents. Recent data suggest that these drugs also have anti‐inflammatory effects. Therefore, this review summarizes these recent findings for the efficacy of two of the most widely used antihypertensive drug classes, ACE inhibitors and ARBs, to reduce or treat inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, arthritis, steatohepatitis, colitis, pancreatitis, and nephritis.