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The therapeutic potential of targeting the BRAF mutation in patients with colorectal cancer
Author(s) -
Bahrami Afsane,
Hesari AmirReza,
Khazaei Majid,
Hassanian Seyed Mahdi,
Ferns Gordon A.,
Avan Amir
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.25952
Subject(s) - colorectal cancer , medicine , mapk/erk pathway , cancer research , mutation , mutant , cancer , v600e , targeted therapy , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , mek inhibitor , oncology , signal transduction , gene , biology , genetics
Colorectal cancer is among the most lethal malignancies globally. BRAF is a member of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. Its constitutive activation can result in increased cellular growth, development, invasion, and resistance to therapy. A mutation of the BRAF gene is present in 5–10% of metastatic colorectal cancers. BRAF mutations have been found to predict a lack of benefit to anti‐EGFR therapy in metastatic CRC. Furthermore, CRC containing the BRAF V600E mutation display an innate resistance to BRAF inhibitors. The mechanisms of cell resistance can be explained at least in part by ERK dependent and ERK in‐dependent pathway. Clinical trials evaluating the combinations of BRAF, PI3K, EGFR, and/or MEK inhibitors have revealed promising activity in BRAF mutant containing CRCs. There may be some benefit from future studies that focus on improving the efficacy of combined therapy in CRC with respect to the sustained effects. The aim of current review is to give an overview about the current status and prospective regarding the therapeutic potential of targeting BRAF mutant colorectal cancer.