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Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) Promotes Formation of Aerobic Myofibers via the FGF21‐SIRT1‐AMPK‐PGC1α Pathway
Author(s) -
Liu Xinyi,
Wang Yongliang,
Hou Liming,
Xiong Yuanzhu,
Zhao Shuhong
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.25735
Subject(s) - myogenesis , myod , fgf21 , microbiology and biotechnology , ampk , c2c12 , myocyte , myostatin , transcription factor , fibroblast growth factor , myogenin , regulator , biology , chemistry , skeletal muscle , biochemistry , endocrinology , receptor , gene , protein kinase a , phosphorylation
Fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21) is a pivotal regulator of energy metabolism, which is currently being assessed as a potential drug target for the treatment of insulin‐resistant conditions. However, the cellular mechanisms by which FGF21 affects myogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we explored the function of FGF21 in myogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Our experiments showed for the first time that FGF21 promotes myoblast differentiation and serves as a switch of molecular transformation from anaerobic myofibers to aerobic myofibers via the FGF21‐SIRT1‐AMPK‐PGC1α axis. Furthermore, we employed the Dual‐Luciferase Reporter Assay System and Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) and demonstrated that MYOD, a major myogenic transcription factor, binds directly to the promoter region of Fgf21 , leading to the activation of Fgf21 expression in mouse C2C12 myoblasts. Our study revealed a novel mechanism of myogenesis and muscle fiber transformation and indicated that FGF21 serves as a vital regulator of muscle development and important contributor to the pathogenesis of myopathy. J. Cell. Physiol. 232: 1893–1906, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.