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Dermatan sulfate exerts an enhanced growth factor response on skeletal muscle satellite cell proliferation and migration
Author(s) -
Villena Joan,
Brandan Enrique
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.10422
Subject(s) - decorin , hepatocyte growth factor , microbiology and biotechnology , extracellular matrix , fibroblast growth factor , cell growth , growth factor , myocyte , chemistry , perlecan , cell migration , basic fibroblast growth factor , myod , dermatan sulfate , proteoglycan , cell , biology , myogenesis , heparan sulfate , biochemistry , receptor
Skeletal muscle regeneration is a complex process in which many agents are involved. When skeletal muscle suffers an injury, quiescent resident myoblasts called satellite cells are activated to proliferate, migrate, and finally differentiate. This whole process occurs in the presence of growth factors, the extracellular matrix (ECM), and infiltrating macrophages. We have shown previously that different proteoglycans, either present at the plasma membrane or the ECM, are involved in the differentiation process by regulating growth factor activity. In this article, we evaluated the role of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in myoblast proliferation and migration, using C 2 C 12 , a satellite cell‐derived cell line. A synergic stimulatory effect on myoblast proliferation was observed with hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and fibroblast growth factor type 2 (FGF‐2), which was dependent on cell sulfation. The GAG dermatan sulfate (DS) enhanced HGF/FGF‐2‐dependent proliferation at 1–10 ng/ml. However, decorin, a proteoglycan containing DS, was unable to reproduce this enhanced proliferative effect. On the other hand, HGF strongly increased myoblast migration. The HGF‐dependent migratory process required the presence of sulfated proteoglycans/GAGs present on the myoblast surface, as inhibition of both cell sulfation, and heparitinase (Hase) and chondroitinase ABC (Ch abc ) treatment of myoblasts, resulted in a very strong inhibition of cell migration. Among the GAGs analyzed, DS most increased HGF‐dependent myoblast migration. Taken together, these findings showed that DS is an enhancer of growth factor‐dependent proliferation and migration, two critical processes involved in skeletal muscle formation. J. Cell. Physiol. 198: 169–178, 2004© 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.