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The relationship between purines, pyrimidines, nucleosides, and glutamine for fibroblast cell proliferation
Author(s) -
Engström Wilhelm,
Zetterberg Anders
Publication year - 1984
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.1041200218
Subject(s) - glutamine , adenosine , inosine , purine metabolism , nucleoside , biochemistry , purine , cell growth , dna synthesis , biology , nucleic acid , chemistry , in vitro , amino acid , enzyme
Previous studies indicate that glutamine is a critical requirement for cell proliferation in vitro. We recently showed that depletion of glutamine from the cuture medium supporting growing cells significantly reduced the proportion of cells undergoing DNA synthesis. Similarly glutamine depletion significantly reduced the stimulatory response of quiescent cells to 10% serum. This study shows that the inhibitory effects of depletion of glutamine—in either of these two situations—can be overcome by the addition of adenine or adenosine. Adenine was the only nitrogen base and adenosine was the only nucleoside for which this effect was observed. Such effects could, however, also be achieved by addition of the purine metabolites hypoxantine and inosine. Furthermore, it was found that glutamine (or adenine/adenosine) is only required during a limited interval coinciding with the late part of the G 1 ‐phase and the beginning of S‐phase. These data suggest the possibility that glutamine exerts its main regulatory effects on cell proliferation by acting as a precursor for adenine and adenosine.