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N‐Carbamoyloxyurea‐resistant Chinese hamster ovary cells with elevated levels of ribonucleotide reductase activity
Author(s) -
Hards Robert G.,
Wright Jim A.
Publication year - 1981
Publication title -
journal of cellular physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.529
H-Index - 174
eISSN - 1097-4652
pISSN - 0021-9541
DOI - 10.1002/jcp.1041060218
Subject(s) - chinese hamster ovary cell , cell culture , ribonucleotide reductase , enzyme , chinese hamster , reductase , cell , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , wild type , hamster , biochemistry , enzyme assay , cricetulus , chemistry , in vitro , genetics , protein subunit , mutant , gene
We describe the isolation and characterization of a Chinese hamster ovary cell line selected for resistance to N‐carbamoyloxyurea. Using the mammalian cell permeabilization assay developed in our laboratory, a detailed analysis of the target enzyme, ribonucleotide reductase (EC 1.17.4.1), was carried out. Both drug‐resistant and parental wild‐type cells required the same optimum conditions for enzyme activity. The Ki values for N‐carbamoyloxyurea inhibition of CDP reduction were 2.0 mM for NC R ‐30A cells and 2.3 mM for wild‐type cells, while the Ki value for ADP reduction was 2.3 mM for both cell lines. Although the Ki values remained essentially unchanged, the V max values for NC R ‐30A cells were 1.01 nmoles dCDP formed/5 × 10 6 cells/hour and 1.83 nmoles dADP/5 × 10 6 cells/hour, while those for the wild‐type cells were 0.49 nmoles dCDP produced/5 × 10 6 cells/hour and 1.00 nmoles dADP/5 × 10 6 cells/hour. This approximate twofold increase in reductase activity at least partially accounts for a 2.6‐fold increase in D 10 value for cellular resistance to N‐carbamoyloxyurea exhibited by NC R ‐30A cells. The NC R ‐30A cell line was also cross‐resistant to the antitumor agents, hydroxyurea and guanazole. No differences in Ki values for inhibition of CDP and ADP reduction by these two drugs were detected and cellular resistance could be entirely accounted for by the elevation in activity of the reductase in the NC R ‐30A cell line. The properties of N‐carbamoyloxyurea‐resistance cells indicate they should be useful for further investigations into the regulation of mammalian enzyme activity.