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Empirically derived lifespan polytraumatization typologies: A systematic review
Author(s) -
Contractor Ateka A.,
Caldas Stephanie,
Fletcher Shelley,
Shea M. Tracie,
Armour Cherie
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
journal of clinical psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.124
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1097-4679
pISSN - 0021-9762
DOI - 10.1002/jclp.22586
Subject(s) - latent class model , psycinfo , psychology , clinical psychology , mental health , typology , polytrauma , meta analysis , context (archaeology) , cinahl , psychopathology , stressor , medline , psychiatry , medicine , psychological intervention , paleontology , statistics , mathematics , archaeology , radiology , biology , political science , law , history
Abstract Context Polytraumatization classes based on trauma endorsement patterns relate to distinct clinical outcomes. Person‐centered approaches robustly evaluate the nature, and construct validity of polytraumatization classes. Objective Our review examined evidence for the nature and construct validity of lifespan polytraumatization typologies. Data sources In September 2016, we searched Pubmed, PSYCINFO, PSYC ARTICLES, Academic Search Complete, PILPTS, Web of Science, CINAHL, Medline, PsycEXTRA, and PBSC. Search terms included “latent profile,” “latent class,” “latent analysis,” “person‐centered,” “polytrauma,” “polyvictimization,” “traumatization,” “lifetime,” “cooccurring,” “complex,” “typology,” “multidimensional,” “sequential,” “multiple,” “subtype,” “(re)victimization,” “cumulative,” “maltreatment,” “abuse,” and “stressor.” Inclusionary criteria included: peer‐reviewed; latent class/latent profile analyses (LCA/LPA) of lifespan polytrauma classes; adult samples of size greater than 200; only trauma types as LCA/LPA indicators; mental health correlates of typologies; and individual‐level trauma assessment. Of 1,397 articles, nine met inclusion criteria. Data extraction Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, research assistants completed a secondary reference search, and independently extracted data with standardized coding forms. Results Three‐class ( n = 5) or four‐class ( n = 4) solutions were found. Seven studies found a class characterized by higher trauma endorsement ( high‐trauma ). All studies found a class characterized by lower trauma endorsement ( low‐trauma) , and predominance of specific traumas ( specific‐trauma; e.g., childhood maltreatment). High‐trauma versus low‐trauma classes and specific‐trauma versus low‐trauma classes differed on mental health correlates. Conclusion Evidence supports the prevalence of a high‐trauma class experiencing poorer mental health, and the detrimental impact of aggregated interpersonal and other traumas. We highlight the clinical importance of addressing polytraumatization classes, and comprehensively assessing the impact of all traumas.