Premenstrual dysphoric disorder and risk for major depressive disorder: A preliminary study
Author(s) -
Hartlage Shirley Ann,
Arduino Kelly E.,
Gehlert Sarah
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of clinical psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.124
H-Index - 119
eISSN - 1097-4679
pISSN - 0021-9762
DOI - 10.1002/jclp.1119
Subject(s) - premenstrual dysphoric disorder , major depressive disorder , prodrome , psychiatry , psychology , risk factor , clinical psychology , menstrual cycle , mood , medicine , psychosis , hormone
Abstract Investigators examined whether premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) poses a risk for major depressive disorder (MDD). In an initial study, women rated premenstrual symptoms and functional impairment daily for two menstrual cycles. A semistructured diagnostic interview was given to obtain psychiatric histories and differentiate PMDD from premenstrual exacerbations of other disorders. Participants in this pilot study were eight women with PMDD and a random subgroup without PMDD ( n = 9) initially. Another semistructured interview was given to diagnose psychiatric disorders occurring during a two‐year follow‐up interval. In all, seven of the eight women with PMDD developed MDD within two years, including all those who had never had MDD before. The odds that a woman with PMDD developed MDD were 14 times the odds that a woman without PMDD developed MDD ( p < .05). Premenstrual dysphoric disorder may be a prodrome of or causal risk factor for MDD. Preliminary evidence for the diagnostic validity of PMDD is provided. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Clin Psychol 57: 1571–1578, 2001
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