Open AccessAssociation of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in preeclampsia
Author(s) -
Aggarwal Ruby,
Jain Arun Kumar,
Mittal Pratima,
Kohli Mangala,
Jawanjal Poonam,
Rath Gayatri
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of clinical laboratory analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.536
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1098-2825
pISSN - 0887-8013
DOI - 10.1002/jcla.22834
Subject(s) - preeclampsia , placenta , medicine , pregnancy , proinflammatory cytokine , cytokine , inflammation , immunohistochemistry , gestation , tumor necrosis factor alpha , gestational age , andrology , immunology , endocrinology , fetus , biology , genetics
Introduction The pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines play crucial role in the development and functions of placenta. Any changes in these cytokines may be associated with many pregnancy‐related disorders like preeclampsia. Therefore, the present study is aimed to study the expression of pro‐inflammatory (TNF‐α, IL‐6) and anti‐inflammatory (IL‐4, IL‐10) cytokines in placenta and serum of preeclamptic pregnant women. Material and Methods For this study, a total of 194 cases of preeclamptic and control cases were enrolled in two Groups as per the gestational age that is, Group I (28‐36 weeks) and II (37 weeks onwards). The number of samples was 55 in Group I and 139 in Group II. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted on placenta and serum of both preeclamptic and normal samples, respectively. IHC results were revalidated by reverse transcriptase PCR (RT‐PCR). Results Both Groups (I, II) of preeclampsia showed amended levels of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines in placental tissues and serum samples. The levels of TNF‐α and IL‐6 were significantly increased in preeclamptic cases ( P = 0.0001, P = 0.0001) while the IL‐4 and IL‐10 were downregulated ( P = 0.0001, P = 0.0001) in comparison to control. In addition, a negative correlation was also observed between the two in preeclampsia ( P = 0.0001). Conclusion The balanced ratio of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines is essential to regulate the maternal inflammation system throughout pregnancy. Therefore, the gradual cytokine profiling of the pregnant women may be useful for the management of preeclampsia.