Open AccessCongolese children with sickle cell trait may exhibit glomerular hyperfiltration: A case control study
Author(s) -
Aloni Michel Ntetani,
Ngiyulu René Makwala,
Nsibu Célestin Ndosimao,
Ekulu Pépé Mfutu,
Makulo Jean Robert,
GiniEhungu JeanLambert,
Nseka Nazaire Mangani,
Lepira François Bompeka
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of clinical laboratory analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.536
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1098-2825
pISSN - 0887-8013
DOI - 10.1002/jcla.22143
Subject(s) - sickle cell trait , renal function , medicine , proteinuria , sickle cell anemia , hemoglobin , glomerular hyperfiltration , cell , significant difference , gastroenterology , endocrinology , kidney , biology , genetics , disease , diabetic nephropathy
Background The prevalence of sickle cell trait is extremely high in sub‐Saharan Africa. Recent studies have reported the impact of sickle cell carriers on renal function. However, data on renal abnormalities in children with sickle cell trait in this part of the world are unknown. In this report, we assess the glomerular function of children with sickle cell trait ( SCT ). Methods A case control study was conducted to assess the glomerular function in 43 Congolese children with sickle cell trait (Hb‐ AS ) matched for age to 65 children with sickle cell anemia in steady state (Hb‐ SS ) and 67 normal controls (Hb‐ AA ). Results There was a significant difference in the blood pressure levels between the Hb‐ AS group vs Hb‐ SS group ( P <.05). The estimated glomerular filtration rate ( eGFR ) corrected for body surface area was increased in Hb‐ AS group compared to Hb‐ AA group, but there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P =.48). At the same time, the eGFR was decreased, but no significantly so, in the Hb‐ AS group compared to the Hb‐ SS group ( P =.19). The proportion of children with Hb‐ AS (16.3%) who had hyperfiltration was higher compared to the proportion (6.1%) found in the Hb‐ AA group, but lower compared to the proportion found in the Hb‐ SS group (30%). However, in both situations, the difference was not statistically significant. No case of proteinuria was detected in children with Hb‐AS. Conclusion It appears that at least one of six children with SCT had hyperfiltration. The findings could form a basis for further studies on this renal physiology among SCT individuals in Africa.