Open AccessPlasma Leptin in Patients at Intermediate to High Cardiovascular Risk With and Without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Author(s) -
Montagnana Martina,
Fava Cristiano,
Targher Giovanni,
Franchini Massimo,
Danese Elisa,
Bonafini Sara,
De Cata Angela,
Salvagno Gian Luca,
Ruzzenente Orazio,
Guidi Gian Cesare,
Lippi Giuseppe
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of clinical laboratory analysis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.536
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1098-2825
pISSN - 0887-8013
DOI - 10.1002/jcla.22031
Subject(s) - leptin , medicine , type 2 diabetes mellitus , endocrinology , metabolic syndrome , waist , diabetes mellitus , risk factor , body mass index , obesity
Background A number of clinical studies have demonstrated that leptin concentrations are related to the metabolic disturbances that constitute the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and to diabetes mellitus ( DM ). Aim To investigate possible determinants of leptin concentrations in a sample of patients at high cardiovascular ( CV ) risk carrying two or more features of the MetS and to investigate if any difference exist between at risk patients with or without DM . Methods Serum leptin concentrations were measured in 60 consecutive male patients affected by at least two CV risk factors which belong to the National Cholesterol Education Program/Adult Treatment Panel III ( NCEP / ATP III ) definition of MetS: 30 patients affected by type 2 DM (T2 DM ) and 30 nondiabetic patients (non‐T2 DM ). Nineteen healthy subjects were included in the study as a control group ( HC ). Results Leptin was significantly higher in patients carrying two or more features of the MetS compared with HC ( P = 0.02). Stratifying MetS patients for DM , we found that leptin level was higher in non‐T2 DM patients (7.8 ng/ml), intermediate in T2 DM (6.2 ng/ml), and lower in HC (4.6 ng/ml). In MetS patients, a positive correlation was found between leptin and waist, triglycerides, and number of MetS criteria. After stratification for T2 DM , the correlations were still significant in the non‐T2 DM but not in the T2 DM group. Conclusions In our sample of moderate‐to‐high‐risk patients, leptin level is positively associated with waist circumference and triglycerides but only in non‐T2 DM patients. Our data suggest that diabetic subjects could modulate leptin production in a different way compared with patients carrying other MetS‐related anomalies.