CD235a (Glycophorin‐A) Is the Most Predictive Value Among Different Circulating Cellular Microparticles in Thrombocytopenic Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

Background This study was conducted to assess different cellular microparticles (MPs) in thrombocytopenic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and their significance as disease activity markers. Methods Thirty‐five thrombocytopenic human immunodeficiency diseases and 25 healthy controls with matched age and sex were selected. Viral load was quantitated by COBAS real‐time polymerase reaction (PCR) assessment of absolute T‐cell subsets CD4, CD8 as a disease progress marker. Platelet MPs, platelet‐derived monocyte MPs (CD42a, CD61), erythrocyte MP (CD235a), monocytic MP (CD14), and platelet activity MPs (CD62P, PAC‐1) were assessed by multicolor flow cytometry FACSCalibur, while platelet functions were assessed by platelet function analyzer (PFA‐100). CD42a, CD61, and platelet activity index represented by PAC‐1 and CD62. Results P‐selectin in HIV‐infected patient samples were significantly greater ( P < 0.001) than among controls. There was a negative correlation between the proportion of PAC‐1 and CD62 P‐selectin‐positive MPs and levels of CD4 + T‐cell counts ( r = −0.403, P = 0.016; r = −0.438, P = 0.008), respectively. There was a negative correlation between collagen‐ADP and levels of CD4 + T‐cell counts ( r = −0.368, P = 0.03). There was a significant high expression level of CD14 monocyte MPs in patients than controls ( P < 0.0001), overexpression of CD235a ( P < 0.0001), and no correlation between CD14 and CD4, whereas there was a significant negative correlation with CD235a ( r = −0.394, P = 0.019). A linear regression analysis of CD4 as a disease progression marker with other variable indicators in HIV patients showed that CD235a could be the most sensitive predictor similar to CD4. Conclusion Different cellular MPs and platelets activated in HIV patients could have a role in thrombotic events in these patients.