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Rapid Screening of Haloacetonitriles in Water Samples by Optimized Vortex‐assisted Liquid–Liquid Microextraction
Author(s) -
Guo YiMin,
Ding Erica MingChieh,
Ding WangHsien
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of the chinese chemical society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.329
H-Index - 45
eISSN - 2192-6549
pISSN - 0009-4536
DOI - 10.1002/jccs.201700194
Subject(s) - chemistry , chromatography , dichloromethane , extraction (chemistry) , box–behnken design , sample preparation , solvent , response surface methodology , organic chemistry
This paper describes an optimized method for the quick screening of low levels of haloacetonitriles (HANs), a nitrogenous disinfection byproduct. The method is especially geared toward screening of water used for drinking and in swimming pools. The method is based on vortex‐assisted liquid–liquid microextraction (VALLME), which is carried out before determination of the gathered samples by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry (GC‐MS). Factors that can potentially affect the extraction efficiency of the desired trace chemicals from the gathered sample were enhanced using the Box–Behnken design method. The optimal VALLME parameters for a 10‐mL water sample (pH 4, containing 3 g of sodium sulfate), according to the Box–Behnken design method, are extractant 160 μL dichloromethane and vortex extraction time of 1 min at the maximum speed (2500 rpm). The limits of quantitation calculated were 16–35 ng/L. Precision for both intra‐ and inter‐day analysis was also calculated, which was less than 11% on three concentration levels. Mean extraction recovery, otherwise known as trueness, was between 71 and 92%. The developed method was applied successfully to extract HANs from drinking and swimming pool water samples.