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Determination of Carbon‐based Engineered Nanoparticles in Marketed Fish by Microwave‐assisted Extraction and Liquid Chromatography‐atmospheric Pressure Photoionization‐tandem Mass Spectrometry
Author(s) -
Chen HsinChang,
Kuo HanWen,
Ding WangHsien
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of the chinese chemical society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.329
H-Index - 45
eISSN - 2192-6549
pISSN - 0009-4536
DOI - 10.1002/jccs.201300356
Subject(s) - chemistry , chromatography , extraction (chemistry) , detection limit , photoionization , mass spectrometry , tandem mass spectrometry , analyte , atmospheric pressure , analytical chemistry (journal) , liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry , ionization , ion , oceanography , organic chemistry , geology
An optimized method for the determination of two major carbon‐based engineered nanoparticles (C 60 and C 70 ) in marketed fish samples is described. The method involves the use of microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) coupled with liquid chromatography ‐ tandem mass spectrometry with atmospheric pressure photoionization (LC‐APPI‐MS/MS). Factors affecting the extraction efficiency of the analytes from fish samples were optimized by a central composite design method. The optimal extraction temperature and time for MAE were found to be 233 °C for 22 min, and the extraction solution was composed of toluene and acetone in a ratio of 4.64:1. The limits of quantitation (LOQs) were 0.1 and 0.05 ng/g for C 60 and C 70 , respectively. The precision for these analytes at two spiked levels, as indicated by relative standard deviations (RSDs), were less than 10% for both intra‐ and inter‐day analysis. Accuracy, expressed as the mean extraction recovery, was between 85 and 98%. The method was further validated based on EU Commission Decision 2002/657/EC, including a decision limit (CCα) and detection capability (CCβ) for marketed fish samples.