Hypoxia‐induced regulation of mTOR signaling by miR‐7 targeting REDD1

Oxygen is an important factor mediating cell growth and survival under physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, cells have well‐regulated response mechanisms in the face of changes in oxygen levels in their environment. A subset of microRNAs (miRNAs) termed the hypoxamir has been suggested to be a critical mediator of the cellular response to hypoxia. Regulated in development and DNA damage response 1 (REDD1) is a negative regulator of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in the response to cellular stress, and is elevated in many cell types under hypoxia, with consequent inhibition of mTOR signaling. However, the underlying posttranscriptional regulatory mechanism by miRNAs that contribute to this hypoxia‐induced reduction in REDD1 expression remain unknown. Therefore, the aim of the current study was to identify the miRNAs participating in the hypoxic cellular response by scanning the 3′‐untranslated region (3′‐UTR) of REDD1 for potential miRNA‐binding sites using a computer algorithm, TargetScan. miR‐7 emerged as a novel hypoxamir that regulates REDD1 expression and is involved in mTOR signaling. miR‐7 could repress REDD1 expression posttranscriptionally by directly binding with the 3′‐UTR. Upon hypoxia, miR‐7 expression was downregulated in HeLa cells to consequently derepress REDD1, resulting in inhibition of mTOR signaling. Moreover, overexpression of miR‐7 was sufficient to reverse the hypoxia‐induced inhibition of mTOR signaling. Therefore, our findings suggest miR‐7 as a key regulator of hypoxia‐mediated mTOR signaling through modulation of REDD1 expression. These findings contribute new insight into the miRNA‐mediated molecular mechanism of the hypoxic response through mTOR signaling, highlighting potential targets for tumor suppression.