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Synthesis and Characterization of Cefotaxime Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles and Their Use to Target Drug‐Resistant CTX‐M‐Producing Bacterial Pathogens
Author(s) -
Shaikh Sibhghatulla,
Rizvi Syed Mohd. Danish,
Shakil Shazi,
Hussain Talib,
Alshammari Thamir M.,
Ahmad Waseem,
Tabrez Shams,
AlQahtani Mohammad H.,
Abuzenadah Adel M.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/jcb.25929
Subject(s) - cefotaxime , conjugated system , colloidal gold , microbiology and biotechnology , drug , chemistry , drug resistance , antibiotics , nanoparticle , nanotechnology , biology , materials science , pharmacology , organic chemistry , polymer
Multidrug‐resistance due to “β lactamases having the expanded spectrum” (ESBLs) in members of Enterobacteriaceae is a matter of continued clinical concern. CTX‐M is among the most common ESBLs in Enterobacteriaceae family. In the present study, a nanoformulation of cefotaxime was prepared using gold nanoparticles to combat drug‐resistance in ESBL producing strains. Here, two CTX‐M‐15 positive cefotaxime resistant bacterial strains (i.e., one Escherichia coli and one Klebsiella pneumoniae strain) were used for testing the efficacy of “cefotaxime loaded gold‐nanoparticles.” Bromelain was used for both reduction and capping in the process of synthesis of gold‐nanoparticles. Thereafter, cefotaxime was conjugated onto it with the help of activator 1‐Ethyl‐3‐(3‐dimethylaminopropyl)‐carbodiimide. For characterization of both unconjugated and cefotaxime conjugated gold nanoparticles; UV‐Visible spectroscopy, Scanning, and Transmission type Electron Microscopy methods accompanied with Dynamic Light Scattering were used. We used agar diffusion method plus microbroth‐dilution method for the estimation of the antibacterial‐activity and determination of minimum inhibitory concentration or MIC values, respectively. MIC values of cefotaxime loaded gold nanoparticles against E. coli and K. pneumoniae were obtained as 1.009 and 2.018 mg/L, respectively. These bacterial strains were completely resistant to cefotaxime alone. These results reinforce the utility of conjugating an old unresponsive antibiotic with gold nanoparticles to restore its efficacy against otherwise resistant bacterial pathogens. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 2802–2808, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.