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The role of retinoic acid receptor inhibitor LE135 on the osteochondral differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells
Author(s) -
Li Zhen,
Yao ShanJing,
Alini Mauro,
Stoddart Martin J.
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/jcb.23013
Subject(s) - chondrogenesis , mesenchymal stem cell , retinoic acid , microbiology and biotechnology , bone marrow , cellular differentiation , chemistry , cell culture , biology , immunology , gene , biochemistry , genetics
The present study aimed to investigate the role of a retinoic acid receptor‐β (RARβ) inhibitor LE135 on TGF‐β induced chondrogenesis of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Pellet culture with exogenous transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β), and a mechanically loaded scaffold system were used to provide two culture models. All samples were cultured for 8 days and changes in early gene expression were determined. Glycosaminoglycan and mRNA expression data showed that LE135 itself did not induce any chondrogenic response in either pellet culture or scaffold culture of hMSCs. LE135 actually inhibited the chondrogenic response caused by exogenous TGF‐β, or endogenous TGF‐β induced by mechanical load, while the expression of genes normally associated with osteogenesis was not affected. This suggests that the inhibitor LE135 affects the osteochondral differentiation pathway at a different stage, inhibiting chondrogenic gene expression while having no effect on genes normally associated with the osteogenic phenotype. Alternatively, it might be that different cells were proceeding down different lineages. Some cells were undergoing chondrogenesis and this was affected by LE135, while other cells underwent osteogenic differentiation and were not affected by LE135. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 963–970, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.