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Transforming growth factor‐β induces epithelial to mesenchymal transition and suppresses the proliferation and transdifferentiation of cultured human pancreatic duct cells
Author(s) -
Shin JeongAh,
Hong OakKee,
Lee HyeJung,
Jeon SungYoon,
Kim JiWon,
Lee SeungHwan,
Cho JaeHyoung,
Lee JungMin,
Choi YoonHee,
Chang SangAh,
Son HoYoung,
Kim JooHan,
Yoon KunHo
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/jcb.22929
Subject(s) - transdifferentiation , transforming growth factor , microbiology and biotechnology , pancreatic duct , biology , cell growth , epithelial–mesenchymal transition , protein kinase b , transforming growth factor beta , signal transduction , cancer research , downregulation and upregulation , endocrinology , pancreas , stem cell , gene , biochemistry , genetics
Pancreatic duct cells are considered a potential source of β‐cell regeneration, and transforming growth factor‐β (TGF‐β) has been suggested to perform an important role in these processes, but the underlying mechanism of the signal pathways, especially in humans, remains poorly understood. To evaluate the role of TGF‐β1, pancreatic duct cells were isolated from three brain‐dead organ donors. Pancreatic cell clusters harvested after islet isolation were dispersed to single cells and cultured in monolayers, then treated with TGF‐β1. We analyzed the characteristics of the cultured cells, the TGF‐β1 intracellular signaling pathway, the proliferation, and transdifferentiation rates of the duct cells. We also evaluated the genes and protein expression patterns after TGF‐β1 treatment. After TGF‐β1 treatment, typical morphologic changes representative of EMT were observed and Erk1/2, JNK, and AKT phosphorylation, Ras downstream effectors, were increased. β cell‐specific transcription factors including PDX‐1, Beta2/NeuroD, Ist‐1, and NGN3 were markedly suppressed and the rate of transdifferentiation into β cells was also suppressed. Genomic and proteomic analyses suggested that TGF‐β1 induces marked changes in a variety of structural genes and proteins associated with EMT. In conclusion, TGF‐β1 induces EMT in cultured human pancreatic duct cells, but suppresses its proliferation and transdifferentiation into β cells. Our results are the first report of TGF‐β1 effects for EMT and ductal cell transdifferentiation and proliferation at the protein level in human pancreatic duct cells. J. Cell. Biochem. 112: 179–188, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.