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Indomethacin promotes adipogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells through a cyclooxygenase independent mechanism
Author(s) -
Styner Maya,
Sen Buer,
Xie Zhihui,
Case Natasha,
Rubin Janet
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/jcb.22793
Subject(s) - adipogenesis , rosiglitazone , mesenchymal stem cell , cyclooxygenase , chemistry , endocrinology , medicine , downregulation and upregulation , prostaglandin e2 , peroxisome proliferator activated receptor , microbiology and biotechnology , pharmacology , biology , receptor , biochemistry , enzyme , gene
Regulation of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) lineage selection is important for the generation of bone mass. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX2) may increase adipogenesis at the cost of decreasing osteoprogenitor output. Here we investigated the role of COX2 and its products during MSC differentiation. Indomethacin stimulated adipogenesis (increased aP2, adiponectin and lipid droplets) of CH310T1/2 stem cells as well as marrow‐derived MSCs to a degree similar to the PPARγ2 ligand, rosiglitazone. Unlike rosiglitazone, indomethacin significantly upregulated PPARγ2 expression. Indomethacin and the COX2 specific inhibitor celecoxib suppressed PGE2 production, but celecoxib did not induce adipogenesis. As well, addition of PGE2 failed to reverse indomethacin induced adipogenesis, indicating that indomethacin's effects were prostaglandin independent. In MSCs over‐expressing PPARγ2 and RXRα, indomethacin did not increase PPAR‐induced transcription, while rosiglitazone and 15d‐PGJ2 did (1.7‐ and 1.3‐fold, respectively, P < 0.001). We considered whether indomethacin might directly affect C/EBPβ proximally to PPARγ2 induction. Indomethacin significantly increased C/EBPβ expression and protein within 24 h of addition. These results indicate that indomethacin promotes adipogenesis by increasing C/EBPβ and PPARγ2 expression in a prostaglandin‐independent fashion. This effect of indomethacin is pertinent to potential deleterious effects of this commonly used anti‐inflammatory drug on bone remodeling and tissue healing. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 1042–1050, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.