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Transcription activation of myostatin by trichostatin A in differentiated C 2 C 12 myocytes via ASK1‐MKK3/4/6‐JNK and p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathways
Author(s) -
Han DerSheng,
Huang HsiangPo,
Wang TyngGuey,
Hung MengYu,
Ke JiaYu,
Chang KueiTing,
Chang HsinYu,
Ho YuPing,
Hsieh WeiYuan,
Yang WeiShiung
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/jcb.22740
Subject(s) - trichostatin a , myostatin , p38 mitogen activated protein kinases , mapk/erk pathway , chemistry , kinase , map kinase kinase kinase , microbiology and biotechnology , protein kinase a , biology , histone deacetylase , histone , skeletal muscle , endocrinology , biochemistry , gene
Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle mass. The pathways employed in modulating myostatin gene expression are scarcely known. We aimed to determine the signaling pathway of myostatin induction by a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor–trichostatin A (TSA) in differentiated C 2 C 12 myocytes. TSA increased myostatin mRNA expression up to 40‐fold after treatment for 24 h, and induced myostatin promoter activity up to 3.8‐fold. Pretreatment with actinomycin D reduced the TSA‐induced myostatin mRNA by 93%, suggesting TSA‐induced myostatin expression mainly at the transcriptional level. Pretreatment with p38 MAPK (SB203580) and JNK (SP600125) inhibitors, but not ERK (PD98059) inhibitor, blocked TSA‐induced myostatin expression, respectively, by 72% and 43%. Knockdown of p38 MAPK by RNAi inhibited the TSA‐induced myostatin expression by 77% in C 2 C 12 myoblasts. The protein levels of phosphorylated p38 MAPK, JNK, but not ERK, increased with TSA treatment in differentiated C 2 C 12 cells. Direct activation of p38 MAPK and JNK by anisomycin in the absence of TSA increased myostatin mRNA by fourfold. The phosphorylated form of the kinase MKK3/4/6 and ASK1, upstream cascades of p38 MAPK and JNK, also increased with TSA treatment. We concluded that the induction of myostatin by TSA treatment in differentiated C 2 C 12 cells is in part through ASK1‐MKK3/6‐p38 MAPK and ASK1‐MKK4‐JNK signaling pathways. Activation of p38 MAPK and JNK axis is necessary, but not sufficient for TSA‐induced myostatin expression. J. Cell. Biochem. 111: 564–573, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.