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Transcription factor access to promoter elements
Author(s) -
Morse Randall H.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/jcb.21493
Subject(s) - chromatin , nucleosome , biology , transcription factor , promoter , transcription (linguistics) , genetics , pioneer factor , gene , response element , genome , computational biology , microbiology and biotechnology , gene expression , linguistics , philosophy
In eukaryotes, transcription factors, including both gene‐specific activators and general transcription factors (GTFs), operate in a chromatin milieu. Here, we review evidence from gene‐specific and genome‐wide studies indicating that chromatin presents an environment that is typically permissive for activator binding, conditional for pre‐initiation complex (PIC) formation, and inhibitory for productive PIC assembly within coding sequences. We also discuss the role of nucleosome dynamics in facilitating access to transcription factors (TFs) in vivo and indicate some of the principal questions raised by recent findings. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 560–570, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.