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The role of chromosomal alterations in human cancer development
Author(s) -
Gasparini Patrizia,
Sozzi Gabriella,
Pierotti Marco A.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/jcb.21481
Subject(s) - chromosomal translocation , biology , carcinogenesis , fusion gene , chromosome instability , chromosome engineering , gene , genetics , genome instability , breakpoint , chromosome , cancer research , cancer , dna , dna damage
Cancer cells become unstable and compromised because several cancer‐predisposing mutations affect genes that are responsible for maintaining the genomic instability. Several factors influence the formation of chromosomal rearrangements and consequently of fusion genes and their role in tumorigenesis. Studies over the past decades have revealed that recurring chromosome rearrangements leading to fusion genes have a biological and clinical impact not only on leukemias and lymphomas, but also on certain epithelial tumors. With the implementation of new and powerful cytogenetic and molecular techniques the identification of fusion genes in solid tumors is being facilitated. Overall, the study of chromosomal translocations have revealed several recurring themes, and reached important insights into the process of malignant transformation. However, the mechanisms behind these translocations remain unclear. A more thorough understanding of the mechanisms that cause translocations will be aided by continuing characterization of translocation breakpoints and by developing in vitro and in vivo model systems that can generate chromosome translocation. J. Cell. Biochem. 102: 320–331, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.