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Mechanisms for the magnolol‐induced cell death of CGTH W‐2 thyroid carcinoma cells
Author(s) -
Huang ShihHorng,
Chen Ying,
Tung PoYuan,
Wu JiahnChun,
Chen KuoHsin,
Wu JiannMing,
Wang SeuMei
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of cellular biochemistry
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.028
H-Index - 165
eISSN - 1097-4644
pISSN - 0730-2312
DOI - 10.1002/jcb.21100
Subject(s) - magnolol , protein kinase b , apoptosis , apoptosis inducing factor , poly adp ribose polymerase , caspase , pten , biology , caspase 3 , cytochrome c , programmed cell death , pi3k/akt/mtor pathway , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , cancer research , biochemistry , pharmacology , polymerase , gene
Magnolol, a substance purified from the bark of Magnolia officialis, inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in a variety of cancer cells. The aim of this study was to study the effects of magnolol on CGTH W‐2 thyroid carcinoma cells. After 24 h treatment with 80 µM magnolol in serum‐containing medium, about 50% of the cells exhibited apoptotic features and 20% necrotic features. Cytochrome‐ c staining was diffused in the cytoplasm of the apoptotic cells, but restricted to the mitochondria in control cells. Western blot analyses showed an increase in levels of activated caspases (caspase‐3 and ‐7) and of cleaved poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP) by magnolol. Concomitantly, immunostaining for apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) showed a time‐dependent translocation from the mitochondria to the nucleus. Inhibition of either PARP or caspase activity blocked magnolol‐induced apoptosis, supporting the involvement of the caspases and PARP. In addition, magnolol activated phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and inactivated Akt by decreasing levels of phosphorylated PTEN and phosphorylated Akt. These data suggest that magnolol promoted apoptosis probably by alleviating the inhibitory effect of Akt on caspase 9. Furthermore, inhibition of PARP activity, but not of caspase activity, completely prevented magnolol‐induced necrosis, suggesting the notion that it might be caused by depletion of intracellular ATP levels due to PARP activation. These results show that magnolol initiates apoptosis via the cytochrome‐ c /caspase 3/PARP/AIF and PTEN/Akt/caspase 9/PARP pathways and necrosis via PARP activation. J. Cell. Biochem. 101: 1011–1022, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.